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dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 1 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX ? fm transmitter & receiver modules ? available as 433 or 915mhz ? transmit range up to 300m ? miniature smt packages ? data rate up to 256kbps ? programmable output power ? 2.2 ? 5.4vdc operating voltage ? standby current <300na ? programmable freq deviation ? spi interface (for config) ? clock and reset signal for external mcu ? wakeup timer ? automatic antenna tuning ? differential antenna output ? low battery detection ? emc compliant , fcc compliant ? operates from -45 to +85 o c transmitter ? 3-12 supply voltage ? programmable output power receiver ? standby current < 0.3ua ? wake up timer function ? pll design ? analog and digital signal strength indicator ? programmable receive bandwidth (67 to 400khz) introduction the alpha modules are extremely cost effective but hi gh performance radio modules. supplied in a miniature s urface mount package these modules can transmit/receive at upto 115kbps at upto 300m range. operating at 2-5v, both transmitter and receiver moni tor their battery voltage and can sleep with very low standby current. the modules can wake intermittently and provide direct control outputs to a microcontroller, ideally suited to battery applicati ons. (especially receivers!) these modules will suit one to one multi-node wirele ss links in applications including car and building security, pos and inventory tracking, remote process m onitoring. part numbers part number description alpha-tx433s fm transmitter module, 433mhz ALPHA-RX433s fm receiver module, 433mhz alpha-tx915s fm transmitter module, 915mhz ALPHA-RX915s fm receiver module, 915mhz applications wireless security systems car alarms remote gate controls remote sensing data capture sensor reporting
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 2 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX transmitter pin description pin definition direction description 13 fsk in fsk data input 4 clk out clock out for mcu (1-10mhz) 11 vdd in positive power supply 14 nirq out interrupt request out (active low) 1 sdi in spi data input 2 sck in spi clock input 3 nsel in chip select (active low) 8 ant out antenna connection 5-7, 9,10,12 gnd - ground connection
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 3 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX receiver pin description pin definition direction description 11 vdi out fsk data input 9 vdd in positive power supply 12 sdi in spi data input 13 sck in spi clock input 14 nsel in chip select (active low) 1 ffit/sdo out fifo fill interrupt (active low) / s tatus read data output 6 nres out clock out for mcu (1-10mhz) 7,10 gnd in ground connection 2 nirq out interrupt request output (active low) 3 data/nffs in data input (non fifo mode) / fifo se lect 4 data/cfil/ffit in/out clock output (nofifo) / external filter capacitor(analog mode) / fifo interrupt (active high) when fifo level set to 1, fifo empty interruption can be achieved. 5 clk out clock output for external microcontroller 8 ant in antenna input
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 4 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX transmitter mechanical dimensions receiver mechanical dimensions
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 5 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX receiver technical specifications maximum ratings (not operating) symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive supply -0.5 6.0 v v in all pin input level -0.5 vdd +0.5 v i in input current except power -25 +25 ma t st storage temp -55 125 o c t id soldering temp 260 o c maximum working range symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive supply 2.2 5.4 v t op operating temp -40 85 o c dc characteristics symbol parameter min typical max unit 9 11 i dd current consumption @ 433 @ 915 10.5 12.5 ma i x stand by current 3.0 3.5 ma i pd sleep mode current 0.3 ua i lb low battery detection 0.5 ua v lb low battery step (0.1v steps) 2.2 5.3 v v lba low battery accuracy 75 mv v il low level input 0.3 x v dd v v ih high level input 0.7 x v dd v i il leakage current, v il = 0v -1 1 ua i ih leakage current, v ih = v dd , v dd = 5.4v -1 1 ua v ol low level output, i ol = 2ma 0.4 v v oh high level output, i oh = 2ma v dd -0.4 v ac characteristics symbol parameter min typical max unit f lo frequency @433mhz @915mhz 430.24 900.72 439.75 929.27 mhz bw bandwidth 1 2 3 4 5 6 60 120 180 240 300 360 67 134 200 270 350 400 75 150 225 300 375 450 khz t lock pll lock time, after 10mhz step hopping. 20 us t st,p pll start time, after crystal stabilised 250 us br data rate 115.2 kbps p min sensitivity @433mhz @915mhz -109 -105 -100 -98 dbm rs a rssi accuracy -5 +5 db rs r rssi range 46 db rs step rssi programmable step 6 db rs arssi arssi filter 1 nf rs resp drssi response time, c 500 us c xl capacitor bank 8.5 16 pf t por pwr time, power up time (v dd to 90%) 50 100 ms t pbt wake up timer period .96 1.08 ms t wakeup programmable wake up time 1 5x10 11 ms
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 6 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX transmitter technical specifications maximum ratings (not operating) symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive supply -0.5 6.0 v v in all pin input level -0.5 vdd +0.5 v i in input current except power -25 +25 ma t st storage temp -55 125 o c t id soldering temp 260 o c maximum working range symbol parameter minimum maximum unit v dd positive supply 2.2 5.4 v t op operating temp -40 85 o c dc characteristics symbol parameter minimum typical maximum unit i dd current consumption @ 433mhz @ 915mhz @ 0dbm power output 12 15 ma i dd current consumption @ max power output 23 ma i pd sleep mode current 0.3 ua i wt wake up timer consumption 1.5 ua i lb low battery detector current 0.5 ua i x idle mode (crystal only) 1.5 ma v lb low battery detect range (0.1v steps) 2.2 5.3 mv v il low level input 0.3 x v dd v v ih high level input 0.7xv dd v i il leakage current, v il = 0v -1 1 ua i ih leakage current, v ih = v dd , v dd = 5.4v -1 1 ua v ol low level output, i ol = 2ma 0.4 v v oh high level output, i oh = 2ma v dd -0.4 v ac characteristics symbol parameter minimum typical maximum unit f ref f o frequency @433mhz 2.5khz step @915mhz 7.5khz step 430.24 900.72 439.75 929.27 mhz t lock pll lock time, after 10mhz step hopping. 20 us t sp pll start time, after crystal stabilised 250 us 5 7 p max max available power output @433mhz @915mhz 2 4 dbm q o q factor of output capacitance 16 18 22 br fsk fsk data rate 115.2 kbps df fsk fsk deviation, 30khz step 30 210 khz t pbt period for wake up timer 0.95 1.05 ms t wakeup wake up timer 1 2x10 9 ms t pqr power up time 100 ms
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 7 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX transmitter programming guide 1 brief description the alpha transmitter is a low cost fsk transmitter. it needs only an mcu, crystal, decoupling capacitor and antenna to build a high reliability fsk transmi tter. the operation frequency can cover 300 to 1000mhz. the module supports a command interface to setup fr equency, deviation, output power and also data rate. 2 commands 1 timing diagram 2 configuration setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 b1 b0 d2 d1 d0 x3 x2 x1 x0 ms m2 m1 m0 8080h b1..b0: band select b1 b0 band[mhz] 0 1 433 1 0 868 1 1 915 d2..d0: select frequency of clk pin d2 d1 d0 clk frequency[mhz] 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1.25 0 1 0 1.66 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 2.5 1 0 1 3.33 1 1 0 5 1 1 1 10 clk signal is derived from the crystal oscillator and can be applied to the mcu clock in to save a second crystal. if not used, please set bit ?dc? to dis able clk output
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 8 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX x3..x0: select crystal load capacitor to integrate the load capacitor internal can not onl y save cost, but also adjust reference frequency by software ms: select modulation polarity m2..m0: select frequency deviation . 3 power management command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 a1 a0 ex es ea eb et dc c000h a1 crystal oscillator and synthesizer are enabled by da ta transmit command and disable by sleep command. a0 power amplifier is enabled by data transmit command and disable by sleep command. ex enable crystal oscillator es enable synthesizer ea enable power amplifier eb enable low battery detection funciton et enable wake-up timer dc disable output of clk pin 4 frequency setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 0 f11 f10 f9 f8 f7 f6 f5 f4 f3 f2 f1 f0 a7d0 h f11..f0: set operation frequency: 433band: fc=430+f*0.0025 mhz 868band: fc=860+f*0.0050 mhz 915band: fc=900+f*0.0075 mhz fc is carrier frequency x3 x2 x1 x0 load capacitor [pf] 0 0 0 0 8.5 0 0 0 1 9.0 0 0 1 0 9.5 0 0 1 1 10.0 ?? ?? 1 1 1 0 15.5 1 1 1 1 16.0 m2 m1 m0 frequency deviation [khz] 0 0 0 30 0 0 1 60 0 1 0 90 0 1 1 120 1 0 0 150 1 0 1 180 1 1 0 210
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 9 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX 5 data rate command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 r7 r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 c800h r7..r0: set data rate br=10000000/29/ r+1 br is data rate 6 power setting command bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 1 0 p2 p1 p0 b0h p2..p0: set relative output power: pout=pmax-p*3 [dbm] pmax is the max output power; it is related to the an tenna impedance. 7 low battery detector and tx bit synchronization co mmand bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 dwc 0 ebs t4 t3 t2 t1 t0 c200h dwc disable wake-up timer periodical calibration ebs enable tx bit synchronization function t4..t0: set threshold voltage of low battery detector vlb=2.2+t*0.1 [v] 8 sleep command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 s7 s6 s5 s4 s3 s2 s1 s0 c400h if crystal oscillator, synthesizer and power amplifie r are auto-controlled, this command will close power amplifier and synthesizer immediately, then stop crystal oscillator after s periods of clk signal 9 wake-up timer command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 1 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 m7 m6 m5 m4 m3 m2 m1 m0 e000h the wake-up timer period is determined by: t wake-up = m * 2 r [ms] for continual operation, bit ?et? must be cleared and set 10 data transmit command bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 this command indicate that the following data on sdi pin is to be transmitted, the transmission stops if nsel return to hi. 11 status register read command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -- this command is used to read internal status register content, output starts at 8 th clock of sck.
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 10 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX 3 transmitter operation flow start initialise alpha module open tx send data close tx send data wait nirq low write a byte package send over? return
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 11 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX receiver programming guide 4 brief description the alpha receiver is a low cost fsk receiver with all r f functions integrated. it needs only an mcu, crystal, decoupling capacitor and antenna to build a high reliability fsk transmitter. the operation frequency can cover 300 to 1000mhz. although each mod ule can cover all frequencies, better performance is obtained by using the module at the p reset frequency the module supports a command interface to setup fr equency, deviation, output power and also data rate. 5 commands 1 timing diagram 2 configuration setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 0 b1 b0 eb et ex x3 x2 x1 x0 i2 i1 i0 dc 893ah b1..b0: select band b1 b0 band[mhz] 0 0 315 0 1 433 1 0 868 1 1 915 eb enable low battery detection function et enable wake-up timer ex enable crystal oscillator x3..x0: select crystal load capacitor x3 x2 x1 x0 load capacitor [pf] 0 0 0 0 8.5 0 0 0 1 9.0 0 0 1 0 9.5 0 0 1 1 10.0 ?? ?? 1 1 1 0 15.5 1 1 1 1 16.0
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 12 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX i2..i0:select baseband bandwidth dc disable signal output of clk pin 3 frequency setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 0 1 0 f11 f10 f9 f8 f7 f6 f5 f4 f3 f2 f1 f0 a680 h f11..f0: set operation frequency 315band: fc=310+f*0.0025 mhz 433band: fc=430+f*0.0025 mhz 868band: fc=860+f*0.0050 mhz 915band: fc=900+f*0.0075 mhz fc is carrier frequency, f is frequency parameter and 36 f 3903 4 receiver setting command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 d1 d0 g1 g0 r2 r1 r0 en c0c1h d1..d0: select vdi source d1 d0 vdi output 0 0 digital rssi output(drssi) 0 1 data quality detection output (dqd) 1 0 clock recovery lock output 1 1 always on g1..g0: select lna gain g1 g0 lna gain (dbm) 0 0 0 0 1 -14 1 0 -6 1 1 -20 i2 i1 i0 baseband bandwidth [khz] 0 0 0 reserved 0 0 1 400 0 1 0 340 0 1 1 270 1 0 0 200 1 0 1 134 1 1 0 67 1 1 1 reserved
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 13 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX r2..r0: select drssi threshold r2 r1 r0 rssisetth [dbm] 0 0 0 -103 0 0 1 -97 0 1 0 -91 0 1 1 -85 1 0 0 -79 1 0 1 -73 1 1 0 -67 1 0 1 -61 the actual drssi threshold is related to lna setup: rssi th = rssi setth + g lna. en: enable the receiver 5 wake-up timer command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 1 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 m7 m6 m5 m4 m3 m2 m1 m0 e196h the wake-up period is determined by: t wake-up = m * 2 r [ms] for continual operation, bit ?et? must be cleared a nd set 6 low duty-cycle command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 en ccoeh d6..d0: set duty cycle d.c.= (d * 2 +1) / m *100% en enable low duty cycle mode 7 low battery detector and microcontroller clock div ider command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 d2 d1 d0 t4 t3 t2 t1 t0 c200h d2..d0: select frequency of clk pin d2 d1 d0 clock frequency[mhz] 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1.25 0 1 0 1.66 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 2.5 1 0 1 3.33 1 1 0 5 1 1 1 10 clk signal is derive form crystal oscillator and it ca n be applied to mcu clock in to save a second crystal. if not used, please set bit ?dc? to disable clk output to integrate the load capacitor internal can not onl y save cost, but also adjust reference frequency by software t4..t0: set threshold voltage of low battery detector vlb=2.2+t*0.1 [v]
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 14 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX 8 afc command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 a1 a0 rl1 rl0 st fi oe en c6f7h a1..a0: select afc auto-mode a1 a0 0 0 controlled by mcu 0 1 run once at power on 1 0 keep offset when vdi hi 1 1 keeps independently from vdi rl1..rl0: select range limit r1 r0 range fres 0 0 no restriction 0 1 +15/-16 1 0 +7/-8 1 1 +3-4 freq 315 433band: 2.5khz 868band: 5khz 915band: 7.5khz st: st goes hi will store offset into output registe r fi: enable afc hi accuracy mode oe: enable afc output register en: enable afc funcition 9 data filter command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 al ml 1 s1 s0 f2 f1 f0 c42ch al: enable clock recovery auto-lock ml: enable clock recovery fast mode s1..s0: select data filter type s1 s0 filter type 0 0 ook 0 1 digital filter 1 0 reserved f1..f0: set dqd threshold
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 15 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX 10 data rate command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 cs r6 r5 r4 r3 r2 r1 r0 c823h r7..r0: set data rate br=10000000/29/ r+1 / 1+cs*7 11 output and fifo mode command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 f3 f2 f1 f0 s1 s0 ff fe ce85h f3..f0: set fifo interrupt level s1..s0: select fifo fill start condition s1 s0 0 0 vdi 0 1 sync-word 1 0 vdi & sync-word 1 1 always ff: enable fifo fill fe: enable fifo function 12.reset mode command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 dr daooh bit 0 ( dr ): disables the highly sensitive reset mode. if thi s bit is cleared, a 600 mv glitch in the power supp ly may cause a system reset. for a more detailed description see t he reset modes section. 13.status read command bit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 por 0 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x - this command starts with a 0 and be used to read inte rnal status register
dsalpha-3 jul 09 ? 2009 rf solutions ltd. page 16 alpha rf m odules alpha-tx ALPHA-RX 6 receiver operation flow start initialise alpha rx module open rx receive data indicate receive receive data wait nirq low read fifo data data receive over? return check pass? n n y y after initialisation, open fifo receive mode and wa it for nirq low , only then can the mcu read receive d and stored data in fifo . for the next received package please reset fifo

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